Payroll system modeling Assignment 2

• THE PAYROLL SYSTEM
  
  The payroll system is a system that may be used by the HR manager to calculate employee salary and control the employee in the organization.
  The system has been design to alleviate the load of work of the HR manager for the calculation of the salary, maintenance of attendance, controlling of employee leave, calculating their tax and other deductions, generate emoluments and storing of all the aforesaid jobs.
  
  
  Clock card System - the clock card system is responsible for maintaining the attendance. It uses a special card where the employees details is stored and the whenever the employee in coming to work he just need to introduce the card in the machine like an ATM and the system will keep track of the entry time of the employee which in turn will compile and save to be used for the attendance and the calculation of salary.
  
  The leave control system - this system is used to control the different leave that an employee is entitled once he is employed. It is also used when an employee has been granted a leave to record the leave and to deduct from his respective balance.
  
  Personnel System - the personnel system is used to record new employees in the organization and generation of the employees ID number and to create his clock card.
  
  Payroll system - the payroll system will receive the information from the above subsystem and is responsible to save in the database and which would finally help in calculating the salary, generate the Organizational chart, pay slip, emolument etc and the backup of the whole payroll information.
  
  The medical scheme/tax/pension - be responsible to maintain the deductions pertaining to tax and the medical scheme of the employees of the organization.
  
  Accounting system - The accounting system is another system where the payroll system needs to send details for the payment of the employee and any correspondence with the bank.
  
  The emergent properties
  
  The emergent properties may be defined as the attributes of the system as a whole. It is often difficult to predict the values of these emergent properties in advance. They can only be measured once the sub-systems have been integrated to form the complete system. Emergent properties are divided into two main part namely functional and nonfunctional property.
  
  
  
  Functional property for payroll system
  
  The emergent property for this system may be:
  
  
• Payment of salary
• Controlling of attendance
• Payment of tax,pension.
  
  Non-functional properties

• Reliability
• Performance
• Security
  
  
  
  
  
  

Scientific/Engineering Software

The traditional view is that the scientific method has two foundations, experimental and theoretical. While the traditional scientific method does not acknowledge the role for computing and simulation, this examination establishes a foundation for the extension of the traditional processes to include verification and scientific software development that results in the notional framework known as Sargent's Framework. This he work elucidates the relationships between the processes of scientific model development, computational model verification and simulation validation.

This paper presents a discussion of the methodologies and practices that the ASCI program will use to establish confidence in large-scale scientific simulations. While the effort for a focused program in V&V is just getting started, the ASCI program has been underway for a couple of years. We discuss some V&V activities and preliminary results from the ALEGRA simulation code that is under development for ASCI. The breadth of physical phenomena and the advanced computational algorithms that are employed by ALEGRA make it a subject for V&V that should typify what is required for many ASCI simulations.

Source: Confidence in ASCI Scientific Simulations

Web Application

In software engineering, a Web application or webapp is an application that is accessed via web over a network such as the internet or an intranet.
An application in which all or some parts are downloaded from the Web each time it is run. The term typically refers to the use of Web browsers and Java applets. Web pages increasingly resemble the interactive behavior of local applications. Retrieving a Web page may cause the execution of code in the Web server as well as code in the HTML page brought into the user's machine. Clicking an icon on a Web page may cause a Java applet to be downloaded and executed in the user's machine.Client/Server ReduxA Web application may refer to any type of client/server interaction that uses the Web. A client program may reside in the user's machine that accesses data from a Web server rather than the local network server. See AJAX, thin client client/server,ASP and SaaS

Source: http://computing-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com

Artificial Intelligence

The modern definition of artificial intelligence (or AI) is "the study and design of intelligent agents" where an intelligent agent is a system that perceives its environment and takes actions which maximizes its chances of success.

The term artificial intelligence is also used to describe a property of machines or programs: the intelligence that the system demonstrates

Garry kasparov playing against Deep Blue, the first machine to win a chess match against a reigning world champion

Source:Wikipedia encyclopedia

Embedded Software

Its principal role is not the transformation of data, but rather the interaction with the physical world. It executes on machines that are not, first and foremost, computers. They are cars, airplanes, telephones, audio equipment, robots, appliances, toys, security systems, pacemakers, heart monitors, weapons, television sets, printers, scanners, climate control systems, manufacturing systems, and so on.


Reference: Embedded Software. Edward A. Lee, eal@eecs.berkeley.edu. To appear in Advances in Computers (M. Zelkowitz, editor), Vol. 56, Academic Press, London, 2002 Revised from UCB ERL Memorandum M01/26. University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. November 1, 2001.

Business Software

Business software is generally any software program that helps a business increase productivity or measure their productivity. The term covers a large variation of uses within the business environment, and can be categorized by using a small, medium and large matrix

•The small business market generally consists of home accounting software, and office suites such as Microsoft Office and OpenOffice.org.

•The medium size, or SME, has a broader range of software applications, ranging from accounting, groupware, customer relationship management, human resources software, loan origination software, shopping cart software, field service software, and other productivity enhancing applications.

•The last segment covers enterprise level software applications, such as those in the fields of enterprise resource planning, enterprise content management (ECM), business process management and product lifecycle management. These applications are extensive in scope, and often come with modules that either add native functions, or incorporate the functionality of third-party software programs.

Real Time Software

Occurring immediately. The term is used to describe a number of different computer features. For example, real-time operating systems are systems that respond to input immediately. They are used for such tasks as navigation, in which the computer must react to a steady flow of new information without interruption. Most general-purpose operating systems are not real-time because they can take a few seconds, or even minutes, to react.

Real time can also refer to events simulated by a computer at the same speed that they would occur in real life. In graphics animation, for example, a real-time program would display objects moving across the screen at the same speed that they would actually move


Example: The servo loops in an airplane when on auto-pilot.
The sensors of the plane must continuously supply the control computer with
proper measurements. If a measurement is missed, the performance of the
airplane can degrade, sometimes to unacceptable levels